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1994-11-04
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Chapter 1
Introduction
1.1 What is CWTERM?
CWTERM is a complete CW operating environment. It consists of a set
of programs that provide the amateur radio operator with automated ter-
minal node control, logging, and message generation. CWTERM.EXE, the
primary TNC program, is a 'C' program which provides the user with a menu
oriented interface to the CWTERM. It also has links to the other programs
which provide the operator with a full set of data base functions.
. TNCED.EXE - full screen editor
. LOGBOOK.EXE - Index Sequential Access Method (ISAM) based data
base program
. COUNTRIES.EXE - callsign/country lookup program with great circle
distance & bearing computation
. HAMGRAM.EXE - NTS message generation and database
1.2 Flexibility
- CWTERM may be configured to provide CW input/output to either of
ports COM1, COM2, LPT1 or LPT2
- Fully configurable color selection and file location are just a
few of the adjustable parameters.
- Provides all of the common file handling functions of the popular
communications programs including ASCII file transmit and re-
ceive, and screen buffer captures,
- Supports both CW and MCW modes.
- Allows the transmission of FARNSWORTH type code formation.
- Useable for automatic transmission of code practice sessions using
automatic file transmission with imbedded command strings.
1.3 Ease of Use
- Pull down menus provide complete access to all internal and
external functions.
- Fully scrollable receive buffer of 800 lines. Receive buffer
may be written to disk file of users choice.
- Receive function operates independent of transmit buffer. Create
outgoing text while the other op' is transmitting.
1.4 Distribution of CWTERM
CWTERM is FreeWare Software. David Freese, W1HKJ, and Clermont Computer
Consultants retains sole distibution and resale rights to all programs
contained on the distribution disk including:
CWTERM.EXE
TNCED.EXE
TNCEDINS.EXE
LOGBOOK.EXE
MAKEDBF.EXE
HAMGRAM.EXE
COUNTRY.EXE.
PORTTEST.EXE
PARSE.EXE
1.5 The most recent version of this software is always available from
the author at:
David Freese, W1HKJ
122 N. Ravenwood Drive
Cape May Court House, NJ 08210
(609) 624 0076.
The cost for the software on 3 1/2" diskette is $10.00.
Please send check or money order drawn on U.S. dollars with your order.
1.6 Disclaimer
W1HKJ, David Freese and Clermont Computer Consultants make no warran-
ty, expressed or implied, concerning this program's merchantability or
fitness for any particular use. In no event is David Freese or Cler-
mont Computer Consultants liable to you for any damages resulting from
your use of the program.
Chapter 2
Getting Started with CWTERM
2.1 System Requirements
CWTERM has the following minimal requirements:
- IBM PC, XT, AT, PS-2 or compatible with at least 320 K bytes of
memory.
- DOS 2.0 or later, or any version of OS2
- Floppy disk drive, 360K, 1.2M, 720K, 1.44M, or a hard drive.
- Either COM1, COM2, LPT1 or LPT2 available for CW interface.
2.2 CWTERM installation
CWTERM is distributed with the following files:
CWTERM.EXE Executable file which interfaces to the
selected port.
CWTERM.CFG Sample configuration file
PORTTEST.EXE I/O port test program. Helps to determine
access to keyline, ptt-line, and receive data
input pins.
PARSE.EXE Text parsing program used to create code
practice sessions from ordinary ASCII text files.
SAMPLE.QST Sample practice session produced by PARSE.EXE.
SCRIPT.FST Sample script file for use with PARSE.EXE.
PRACTICE.EXE Program to automatically invoke CWTERM with
a date stamped source file.
COUNTRY.EXE Stand alone prefix/country lookup program
COUNTRY.LST ASCII text file containing the Prefix/Country list
as found in the 1991 Call Book. This file is used
by COUNTRY.EXE.
TNCED.EXE Full screen editor, colors and keyboard reconfig-
urable. Edits file up to maximum of available
computer memory.
TNCEDINS.EXE Installation program for TNCED.EXE. Allows color,
and keyboard reconfiguration.
LOGBOOK.EXE ISAM based database for keeping amateur radio log.
MAKEDBF.EXE ISAM to DBASE-III conversion program.
HAMGRAM.EXE dBase-III compatible database of National Traffic
System messages. Builds NTS messages with proper
pre and postambles, and word count.
2.3 First-time Setup of CWTERM
HARD DISK I suggest you create a directory called \HAM. Copy all of
the files to this directory and include the directory name in your
path definition.
FLOPPY DISK Simply make a working copy of the distribution disk to use
as a working disk. If you have a two floppy drive system you may
modify the configuration file to direct all log and other data files
to the second disk. See the configuration file specification below.
2.3.1 CONFIG.SYS - no changes to your config.sys file are necessary.
2.3.2 AUTOEXEC.BAT - Add the directory name of your CWTERM files to
your path statement.
2.3.3 Before executing the program, you should prepare the CWTERM.CFG
file for your specific installation. The TNCED editor may be used to
modify the included sample configuration file.
2.3.4 The CWTERM.CFG file contains the following configurable items.
Type of CPU:
CPU=SLOW change to MEDIUM or FAST as the CPU
allows.
Code Generation defaults:
WPM=20 code speed, words per minute
FARNSWORTH=0 Farnsworth code speed, 0 = disable
WEIGHT=3.0 dash/dot ratio
Transmitter Control / Receiver Data Port Specification:
PORT=0 0=LPT1, 1=LPT2, 2=COM1, 3=COM2
┌─ Active state of control lines
KEYOUT=0 ├─>0 = 0/-12 v, 1 = +5/+12 v
RCVINP=0 ├─>"
PTTOUT=0 └─>"
XMTCOMP=0 Key line compensation in milliseconds
Mode specifiers:
MCW=0 PTT output for VHF xmtrs; 0=OFF, 1=ON
PTTDELON=0.10 Time between PTT and Keyline closure
PTTDELOFF=1.00 Time between last char & PTT open
DUPLEX=HALF or FULL, Simultaneous Xmt/Rcv
Miscellaneous Parameters:
TONES=1 Computer Speaker monitor; 0=OFF, 1=ON
FREQ=800 Monitor frequency
BUFFERFILE=CWTERM.BFR Default buffer file - loaded at startup
Child process definitions:
LOGPROG=LOGBOOK.EXE NOTE: child process may be specified
LOGBOOK=LOGBOOK as: d:\path\program_name
COUNTRIES=COUNTRY.EXE
COUNTRYLIST=COUNTRY.LST
NTSPROG=HAMGRAM.EXE
EDITOR=TNCED.EXE
Color definitions: (suitable for monochrome monitor)
STATUS_FG=BLACK
STATUS_BG=WHITE
RCV_FG=WHITE
RCV_BG=BLACK
XMT_FG=WHITE
XMT_BG=BLACK
VIEW_FG=BLACK
VIEW_BG=LIGHTGREY
MENU_FG=BLACK
MENU_BG=LIGHTGREY
POP_FG=LIGHTGREY
POP_BG=BLACK
POP_HI=WHITE
ERROR_FG=BLACK
ERROR_BG=LIGHTGREY
NOTICE_FG=BLACK
NOTICE_BG=LIGHTGREY
MESSAGE_FG=BLACK
MESSAGE_BG=LIGHTGREY
If you have a logbook program that you prefer to use, it may be specified
on the LOGPROG= line. If that program expects to be passed a parameter
it may be specified on the LOGBOOK= line. If no drive or path is given
then CWTERM will expect to find them in the default directory.
If the CWTERM.CFG file is deleted the program will use the default
configuration values shown above. SAVING the configuration values will
generate a properly formated CWTERM.CFG file which may then be edited.
2.4 Executing CWTERM.
The following sequence is recommended when using CWTERM and the CWTERM
interface:
1. Turn computer on.
2. Turn interface on.
3. Turn transmitter/receiver on.
4. Change to drive and directory containing CWTERM programs and
execute CWTERM.EXE.
Reverse this process when securing your station.
2.5 Time of Day Clock
CWTERM displays the time of day in hours-minutes-seconds format corrected
to GMT if the environment variable TIMEZONE is set. The program reads
the TIMEZONE environment variable, and the DOS time-of-day ONLY ON
PROGRAM STARTUP. Thereafter, the time of day display is internally
updated in CWTERM and no further reference is made to the DOS clock.
This is necessary to avoid conflicts with the BIOS-ROM code.
2.5.1 TIME ZONE Environment Variable
Enter the following either in your AUTOEXEC.BAT file or from the DOS
command prompt:
SET TIMEZONE=4 ( a range of -11 to +11 allowed)
If the TIMEZONE variable is missing from the environment or its value is
0 then no correction is made to GMT.
Chapter 3
Main Display & Operating Modes
3.1 Main Display
3.1.1 The main display consists of a menu bar, a transmit window,
a receive window and a status bar.
┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Menu Bar │
├──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ │
│ │
│ │
│ Receive window │
│ │
│ │
│ │
│ │
├──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ Status Bar │
├──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ │
│ │
│ Transmit Window │
│ │
│ │
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
3.1.2 Receive Window - This multi-line window will contain the most
recently received characters. Incoming text is also stored in an 800
line text buffer.
3.1.3 Status Bar - The right hand portion of the status bar shows the
present date time properly converted to Greenwich Mean Time. The
left hand portion of the status bar shows the receive WPM rate, the
transmit WPM rate, whether MCW mode is active, whether the capture or
receive file is open, and if a text file is being transmitted.
3.1.4 Transmit Window - The transmit window is a multi-line scrolla-
ble area for entering transmitted text. When transmit data is taken
from external files it is shown sequentially in the area.
3.1.5 Pull Down Menus - All program operations are available through
a pull down menu system. The menu system is activated by pressing the
F10 key or the ALT-key selection. Menu selection is accomplished by
use of the arrow and Enter keys. Some menu selections will open submenus
or dialog boxes for data entry.
3.2 Operating Modes
3.2.1 Transmitter Tune - select this function by highlighting it and
pressing ENTER. The keyline output will become active and will remain
so until any keyboard key is pressed.
3.2.2 Send Dits - select this function by highlighting and pressing
ENTER. The program will send a continuous stream of 'E's to the trans-
mitter. This can be useful when measuring the keying characteristics
of your transmitter. Press ESC to return to the menu.
3.2.3 Modulated CW - CWTERM provides the capability of transmiting
using MCW with the proper interface. Both a PTT line and a CW keyline
are activated in sequential order. This allows the use of the program
with a VHF or UHF transmitter using MCW transmissions, or with an older
CW transmitter requiring separate transmit enable.
NOTE: in the MCW mode a delay will occur between the PTT line
activation and the sending of CW via the KEY line output.
If you experience a delay between typing and initial xmtr
keying check to see whether the MCW mode is ON or OFF.
The MCW operation is shown on the status bar as a MCW just to the right
of the transmit WPM indicator.
It is necessary to set the push-to-talk-ON and push-to-talk-OFF delays.
These are also found on the 'Modes' menu. The ON delay specifies the
length of time between activating the PTT line and the transmission of
the first CW character. The OFF delay specifies the length of time
between keyboard inactivity and release of the PTT line.
3.1.4 Half / Full Duplex - CWTERM is capable of simultaneous transmit
and receive. This mode only makes sense when the station is equiped
with a separate transmitter and receiver. In HALF DUPLEX mode the
detection of received characters is disabled when transmitting. In
FULL DUPLEX mode the receive function remains enabled and you may see
full or partial detection of your own transmission depending on your
transceiver performance.
3.1.5 Receive Case selection - The program may be configured to display
the received text in all UPPER or all lower case. This selection is
found on the MODES pull down menu.
3.1.6 Transmit/Receive speed lock - The transmit and receive WPM settings
may be operated independently or in lock-step. If the speeds are locked
and the transmit WPM is changed, the receive WPM will be re-initialized
to the transmit rate. If the speeds are independent, one may be changed
without affecting the other.
3.3 Automatic File Execution
The program can load a text file for automatic transmission. To do this
invoke the program as:
CWTERM filename, where filename specifies the text file.
The textfile can contain imbedded commands which can be used to alter the
characteristics of CWTERM. The commands should be placed on separate lines
within the text. The recognized commands are:
|Wnn change WPM to nn
|Fnn change Farsnworth WPM to nn
|Dnn delay transmission nn seconds
|Q exit back to operating system.
The sample file, SAMPLE.QST, demonstrates the use of these commands to
produce an automated transmission of a code practice session. The author
uses the OS2 operating system which allows the specification of timed
program execution events.
During automatic operation all transmitted characters are displayed in
the transmit buffer area. The control code sequences are NOT displayed.
The automatic transmission capability can be extended by using
PRACTICE.EXE. This program searches the active drive/directory for a
file with the name MM-DD-YY.QST, for example: 09-21-91.QST. It then
invokes the CWTERM program for automatic operation with this source file
specified. By producing a series of '.QST' files with a timed execution
of PRACTICE, you can provide automated, timed, code practice sessions in
your area. Cape May County enjoys this service on 147.585 MHz. Any
person with a scanner can copy the code practice sessions.
3.4 CONTROL P and CONTROL X control keys
CONTROL P (ctl P) will temporarily halt the transmission of outgoing
text. This acts as a toggle. The status bar ON will change to OFF.
You may continue to enter text into the transmit buffer. This allows
QSK operation from the keyboard. You can use the CONTROL P toggle to
disable outgoing text during reception. This will allow you to prepare
a response during the incoming message. Toggling CONTROL P will begin
the transmission of the text in the transmit buffer.
CONTROL X (ctl X) will immediately halt the transmission of outgoing
text. It will be necessary to re-enter any text not sent from the
transmit buffer. This is not a toggle. If you begin entering text
and the CONTROL P function shows ON the transmitter will immediately
begin keying.
3.5 Received CW Auto Tracking
The program is capable of automatically tracking the incoming CW wpm
rate. This is implemented using the digital equivalent of a low pass
filter. The wpm rate is derived from the signal timing of dots and
dashes. The performance of the wpm filter is dependent on the quality
of the detected CW. The received CW detection algorithims provide
some protection against burst noise, but under very noisy conditions
the wpm rate will become unstable. The CW Auto Tracking function can
be toggled ON and OFF using the 'ALT A' key combination. When the
program is in the autotrack mode the status bar will indicate
AR
on the left side. The AR indicates auto-track-receive and is followed
by the detected WPM rate. When autotrack is toggled OFF the 'A' is
replaced with a graphics line character and the WPM is locked to the
transmit WPM rate.
If you find that you prefer leaving the program in the autotrack mode
and the detected wpm becomes unstable you can reset the filters by
pressing ALT_A twice. This will reset the filter to the transmit WPM
and then restart the tracking filter.
Under normal QSO conditions (ie: fixed WPM rates) you will obtain best
performance by disabling the autotracking filter.
3.6 FAST CHANGES IN WPM SPEEDS
The function keys F5 and F6 decrease or increase the receive WPM rate by
1 respectively for each keypress. Holding either down will cause the
smooth transition from the present to a new WPM rate.
The function keys F7 and F8 decrease or increase the transmit WPM rate by
1 respectively for each keypress. Holding either down will cause the
smooth transition from the present to a new WPM rate. If the transmit
and receive WPM rates are set for LOCKED operation both the transmit
and receive WPM will be forced to same value for each keypress. Pressing
F7 F8 (or reverse) in sequence therefore has the same effect on the
tracking filter as pressing ALT_A twice.
Chapter 4
Menu System
4.1 A pull-down / pop-up menu system is used to access all function
of the program. In addition, certain functions can be quickly brought
up by alternate hot keys. On the menu system these are shown by the
<K> symbol where K is the access character.
4.2 The menu system is activated by pressing function key <F10> or
the alt-F, alt-B, alt-G, alt-P, alt-M, alt-D key combination.
The top line of the display contains the names of each menu section
and the leftmost menu will be active.
4.3 You can move between vertical menu items by pressing the bold
character or by using the up and down arrow keys. Movement between
horizontal menus is obtained by use of the left and right arrow keys
only. The selected item is indicated by reverse field. Press
<ENTER> to activate that function.
4.4 For example, to enable the capture buffer press <C> and then <ENTER>.
You could also have directly enabled the capture buffer by ALT-C key com-
bination. Hot keys of this type are shown by the <key> symbol to the
right of the menu item.
4.5 The menus are:
Files Buffers loG/NTS Parameters Modes DosApps
┌────────────┐
│Capture <C> │
│Receive <R> │
│Transmit │
└────────────┘
Files Buffers loG/NTS Parameters Modes DosApps
┌────────────┐
│clrRcvWindow│
│clrXmtWindow│
│clearBoth │
│────────────│
│Eras RcvBuff│
│Save RcvBuff│
│View RcvBuff│
│────────────│
│Load XmtBuff│
│Mod XmtBuff│
│Trsmt Buffer│
└────────────┘
Files Buffers Log/NTS cOlors Parameters Modes DosApps
┌───────────┐
│Country │
│Logbook <L>│
│NTSmsgs │
└───────────┘
Files Buffers Log/NTS Parameters Modes DosApps
┌────────────┐
│Wpm <W>│
│wEight │
│cOmp(msec) │
│Farsnworth │
│────────────│
│Colors │
│────────────│
│Tone on/off │
│tone fReq │
│────────────│
│t/r Port │
│────────────│
│Load kbd map│
│sAve kbd map│
│────────────│
│Save params │
│View params │
└────────────┘
Files Buffers Log/NTS Parameters Modes DosApps
┌───────────────┐
│Xmtr Tune │
│───────────────│
│Send Dits │
│───────────────│
│ptt Enable │
│ptt On delay │
│ptt oFF delay │
│───────────────│
│Full/Half Duplx│
│Rcv Case Set │
│xmt/rcv Track │
└───────────────┘
Files Buffers Log/NTS Parameters Modes DosApps
┌─────────┐
│Dos │
│Editor │
│eXit <X>│
└─────────┘
4.6 ALTERNATE and CONTROL Keys
The following Alternate and Control Key combinations will invoke the
specified action:
alt 0 - Transmit the buffer specifed by the designated number
. key,
.
.
alt 9
alt A - Toggle Receive Auto Track filter
alt B - Activate the BUFFERS pull down menu,
alt C - Open (or close, a toggle) the log file, CWTERM.TXT,
alt D - Activate the DOSAPPS pull down menu,
alt F - Activate the FILES pull down menu,
alt G - Activate the logG/NTS pull down menu,
alt L - Invoke the child process LOGBOOK, LOGBOOK.EXE (or the one
specified in the configuration file, CWTERM.CFG),
alt M - Activate the MODES pull down menu,
alt P - Activate the PARAMETERS pull down menu,
alt R - Open a user specified receive data file, or close the
file if previously opened,
alt W - Open a prompt box for a new WPM entry,
alt X - End the CWTERM session.
ctl P - Pause toggle, for transmitter keying. Useful for QSK
operation,
ctl X - Dump the transmit type-ahead buffer.
F7 - Decrease Transmit & Receive WPM by 1
F8 - Increase Transmit & Receive WPM by 1
PGUP - Open the Receive Buffer View Window
4.7 SPECIAL KEYS
The following keys are used both for transmission and display of the
designated special CW character:
ASCII CHAR CW Equivalent
> AR . _ . _ .
< AS . _ . . .
$ or = SK . . . _ . _
[ KN _ . _ _ .
- (hyphen) BT _ . . . _
_ (underscore) THT _ . . . . _
! AAA . _ . _ . _
Chapter 5
Transmit Buffers
5.1 Ten transmit buffers are available for quick insertion into the
transmit data stream. These buffers are read from and written to the
file CWTERM.BFR unless otherwise specified. Transmit buffer mainten-
ance is found under the Buffer pull down menu.
5.2 Transmitting a buffer - You may select a transmit buffer by one
of two methods.
(1) Using the pull down menus, select "Tnsmt Buffer". The entire set
of 10 buffers will be displayed. Using the UP and DWN arrow
keys, select the desired buffer and press ENTER. If you change
your mind you may abort the selection by pressing ESC.
(2) Select a transmit buffer by using the alternate key combined
with a number key. For example: buffer number 3 is inserted
into the transmit stream by pressing alt<3>.
5.3 Viewing and Modifying Buffers - Access the buffers by selecting
ModBuffer on the Buffer pull down menu. Specify the name of the buffer
file. The default editor will be called with the specified file. Change
the text as desired and exit the editor using <alt>X (if using TNCED).
The ten buffers will be updated on return to TNC.
5.4 Loading a new set of buffers. Select the LoadBuffer function on the
Buffer pull down menu. Specify the name of the desired buffer file. If
the file is found the ten buffers will be overwritten with the file data.
The buffer view window is immediately opened if the load has been
successful. Select a buffer for transmission as specified above.
5.5 Modifying the buffer file directly - Each buffer file is a simple
text file containing ten lines where each line does not exceed 80
characters. You may modify the file using a text editor. Make sure
that the editor treats the file as a non-document.
NOTE: FILE SELECTION
At any file name prompt you may enter a sequence of wildcards in the
file name. For example:
*.TXT ..\TEXT\BUFFERS.?91 c:\WP\BUFFER?.WP
When a wildcard is entered a pick list will be displayed showing all
matching file names. The actual list may be longer than the display
so you can scroll past the end of the display. Move to the desired
file using the UP and DOWN arrow keys and select it by pressing <ENTER>.
If the file is not found, press <ESC> to return to the file name
prompt. If only one matching file is found, its name will be entered
into the file name prompt and no pick list will be displayed.
Chapter 6
File Transmission
6.1 Plaintext (ASCII) files can be transmitted in any mode. This
function is found on the Files menu. You will be prompted to enter the
name of the file for transmission. Include the drive and path if
necessary. Characters will begin transmission immediately and are
displayed in the transmit window. Tranmsission can be terminated by
pressing <ESC>.
Chapter 7
Receive Buffer
7.1 The receive buffer in CWTERM consists of 800 lines of 80 characters
each. The receive window only shows the last several lines in the
buffer. Access to the entire receive buffer can be made by pressing
the Page-Up key or via the Files pull down menu. The receive window
will then show the receive buffer beginning with the first line of
text received. Movement through the buffer is made with the up and
down arrow keys. When you are finished press <ESC> to return
to the normal transmit/receive screen.
7.2 Saving the Receive Buffer - Access the save receive buffer function
on the Buffers pull down menu. You will be prompted for a filename in
which to save the buffer. The default is CWTERM.BFR.
Chapter 8
Data Base Use
8.1 CWTERM uses and maintains three distinct data base files:
DEFAULT NAME USE
LOGBOOK.DB ISAM database file provides full log keep-
ing functions using a pop up menu.
HAMGRAM.DBF DBASE-III compatible file containing a complete
message generation and storage system.
COUNTRY.LST ASCII text file containing cross reference data of
Prefix to Country. Much faster than using the
callsign book.
8.2 LOG BOOK DATA FILE
LOGBOOK.DBF is the default log book file. You may alter the log name
in the CWTERM.CFG configuration file. This file is an ISAM database with
the following field definitions:
FIELD NAME TYPE SIZE
DATE DATE 8
TIME CHAR 4
CALLSIGN CHAR 15
RSTIN CHAR 3
RSTOUT CHAR 3
FREQ NUMBER 8:4
MODE CHAR 3
COMMENT CHAR 29
QSLSENT DATE 8
QSLRCVD DATE 8
The program MAKEDBF.EXE can be used to convert the ISAM database to
a DBASE-III compatible form if your want to access the data for adhoc
queries.
8.2.1 LOGBOOK INDEX FILES - A single composite index file is maintain-
ed. Both a DATE-TIME and CALLSIGN index are contained in this single
IDX file.
8.2.2 Accessing the Logbook Data - The logging function is accessed
on the Log/NTS pull down menu or by pressing <alt>L. The following form
will overwrite the lowest lines of the screen.
Date │Time│ Callsign │IN │OUT│ Freq │MOD│ Comments │RecNbr
────────┼────┼───────────────┼───┼───┼────────┼───┼────────────────┴────────────
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
────────┴────┴───────────────┴───┴───┴────────┴───┴─────────────────────────────
Add Bottom Delete Edit Find Index Next QSL Prev Top eXit [DATETIME]
8.2.3 A new database will always show a RecNbr of 0 and blank fields
with the exception of Freq which will be 0.0000. Each function is invoked
by the first capital letter in the command word. To record a logbook
entry use the Add function. To modify an existing entry use the Edit
function. When done either Adding or Modifying an entry return to the
command mode by pressing ESC to discard the changes or ctl_END to save
them to the database. For additions to the database the Date and Time
will be entered from the system date-time corrected to GMT in accordance
with the environment variable TIMEZONE.
IMPORTANT!! ESC discards the ADD or EDIT record
ctl_END saves the record to the database.
8.2.4 Pressing <I> for index will toggle the index between callsign
and date-time. The date-time is the default index and the last entry
in the log book will be the one shown on initial entry.
8.2.5 The <F>ind function performs the search based on the callsign
index. I usually use this to find a previously worked callsign.
My log now has over 2000 entries covering a period of three years.
Finding a previously worked station is instantaneous! The find may
be for an entire callsign or a partial. For example: entering W4
for the search string will put you at the first W4 callsign in the
logbook. If a W4xxx entry does not exist, then the next record in order
after W4 will be displayed.
8.2.6 <D>elete a record opens a dialog box for confirmation of the
delete request. A delete record in an ISAM database is permanent!
The database and both index files will be modified to reflect the
removal of all 'deleted' records.
8.2.7 Return to the calling program (TNC or COMMAND.COM) BY pressing
X for eXit.
8.2.8 Separate LOGBOOK maintenance. The program LOGBOOK.EXE can be
executed from the DOS command line. Multiple logbooks can be maintained
and are accessed by specifying them on the command line extension:
C:\HAM\LOGBOOK LOGBOOK to access the CWTERM logbook
C:\HAM\LOGBOOK CONTEST to access the logbook named CONTEST
8.3 NTS MESSAGE DATA FILE
8.3.1 CWTERM maintains a data base of NTS messages which have been
transmitted. These messages are in a DBASE-III compatible file with
the following data dictionary:
DATA FIELD TYPE SIZE
MSG_NBR C 4
PRECEDENCE C 1
HANDLING C 1
HANDL_EXT C 5
STATION C 10
ORIGIN C 15
FILE_TIME C 4
FILE_MONTH C 3
FILE_DAY C 2
ADDRESSEE C 25
ADDR1 C 25
ADDR2 C 25
CITY C 25
STATE C 2
ZIP C 5
PHONE C 13
TEXT_1 C 65
TEXT_2 C 65
TEXT_3 C 65
TEXT_4 C 65
TEXT_6 C 65
SIGN C 25
SIGN_ADR1 C 25
SIGN_ADR2 C 25
SIGN_CITY C 25
SIGN_ST C 2
SIGN_ZIP C 5
SIGN_PHN C 13
8.3.1 NTS Data Base Access - You access the NTS data base via the Log/NTS
menu. The transmit/receive screen will be replaced with a data entry form
which relates directly to the NTS message format. The last message sent
(or a blank message for a new data base) will be in the fields.
8.3.2 Data entry and movement through the data base is very similar to
making log book entries. The main difference is that prompts and
selectable data entries are provided. The casual preparation of an
NTS message does not require much of a learning curve. The word count
is performed automatically.
8.3.3 Data Entry Format:
┌─┤ 1 of 1 ├──┤HAMGRAM.DBF├─┤04/14/90├───────────────────────────┐
│ Nbr P Handling Inst OrigSta Place of Origin Time Mon Day │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ HX │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ To: Phone # │
│ │
│ │
│ │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ │
│ │
│ │
│ │
│ │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ From: Phone # │
│ │
│ ┌──────────────────────┤
│ │Word Count : │
└──────────────────────────────────────────┴──────────────────────┘
N)ext P)rev T)op b(O)t G)o S)rch E)dit A)dd D)el B)row Pa(C)k W)rite Q)uit
<F1> for HELP
8.3.4 Writing the message to an ASCII file. Pressing the <W> select
key will write the message in NTS format to a file name MSGnnnnn where
nnnnn is the assigned message number in the data entry form.
8.3.5 Return to the transmit receive screen by pressing <Q> for quit.
8.3.6 The file MSGnnnnn may now be sent as a plain text file trans-
mission.
8.4 COUNTRY
8.4.1 COUNTRY.EXE is a fast retrieval program for locating countries
when the callsign prefix is known.
8.4.1 The file COUNTRY.LST is an ASCII file with the following format:
;Prefix Country/State/City │sDD.MM│sDDD.MM
;{Local}Cape May NJ │ 38.57│ 74.50
A2 BOTSWANA │-22.00│ -24.00
A3 TONGA IS │-20.00│ 175.00
A4X OMAN │ 22.00│ -58.00
A5 BHUTAN │ 27.30│ -90.06
Comment and special data lines begin with a semicolon. The program
will default to computation of distance in nautical miles. To change
to another standard delete the appropriate leading semi-colon from
the appropriate one of the lines which specify statue miles or kilo-
meters:
;;{Earth major axis st.miles │ 3906.5
;;{Earth major axis in kilometrs}│ 6387.388
Each line of data must conform to the specified format.
Prefix Country/State/City │sDD.MM│sDDD.MM
Your own latitude and longitude is specified on the ";local" line as
shown above.
The entry for Cape May NJ, the authors QTH is:
;{Local}Cape May NJ │ 38.57│ 74.50
The entry for Cedar Rapids would be:
;{Local}IOWA, CEDAR RAPIDS │ 41.58│ 91.40
8.4.2 Accessing Prefix/Country list - Select Countries from the
Accessory pull down menu to call up the COUNTRY.EXE program. You may
also access this program from the COMMAND.COM prompt.
8.4.3 Quick location of a prefix can be obtained by pressing the
first letter of the prefix.
8.4.4 Search by name of country is obtained by pressing CONTROL-S.
This opens a request window for the search string. The search string
is not case sensitive, for example INDIA, india, and India will all
locate the same entry. The light bar will be placed on the first
entry found containing that string, or left in place if not found.
8.4.5 The file can be maintained using a non-document editor. Be
certain to observe the limitation of line size and format. You
should also maintain the alpha numeric sort of entries. Adding or
deleting lines will not effect the program operation.
Chapter 9
Capturing Incoming Text
9.1 Three methods are available for capturing incoming text. The
receive buffer may be saved to a text file as previously described.
The incoming text may also be sent to a file as it arrives. This is
accomplished by pressing alt<C>. The capture file is always named
CWTERM.TXT and will be in the default directory. A separatly named
file may also be saved by pressing alt<R> or from the Files menu.
9.2 Incoming text will continue to be sent to the file until the next
alt<C> (or alt<r>) is pressed. The file will be closed.
Chapter 10
Modifying Program Defaults
10.1 SCREEN COLORS
10.1.1 Screen colors may be changed and saved to the configuration file
along with the other pertinent data.
10.1.2 COLOR SELECTION SCREEN The color selection screen is available
as a choice on the Parameter Menu. The function keys are used to change
the foreground and background colors of each screen area used by CWTERM.
The colors selected by any one function key will rotate continuously
through the available choices as the key is pressed.
10.2 TRANSMIT PARAMETERS (Parameter menu items)
10.2.1 WPM Rate
The transmit (and default receive) code speed in WPM is set by using
the WPM entry or pressing alt<W>. Either method opens up a dialog
box showing the current WPM and allowing you to enter a new value.
Pressing <ESC> or <ENTER> retains the present value. The range of
allowable values is 1 to 150 wpm. Values above 80 should be only be
used on computers capable of MEDIUM or FAST operation. Values above
100 should only be used on computers capable of FAST operation.
10.2.2 Transmit Key Weighting
The wEight entry opens a dialog box showing the current dash to dot
ratio (weight). The default is 3.0. You may vary the weight from
2.0 to 4.0 in increments of 0.1.
10.2.3 Transmitter Compensation
Many QSK transmitters such as the TS440 will cause the keying waveform
to be shortened by the t/r relay. This shortening is usually on the
order of milliseconds and will not be noticable until you transmit at
greater than 30 WPM. The Comp(msec) entry opens a dialog box allowing
you to specifiy a fixed compensation interval in milliseconds to correct
for these transmitters. The range of allowable values is -25 to +25
milliseconds. Note that you should not expect a negative compensation
which would cause the keydown time to go less than zero. The following
table shows the relationship between WPM and Dot Interval in milli-
seconds:
WPM Dot Interval WPM Dot Interval WPM Dot Interval
5 240.0 msec 45 26.7 msec 85 14.1 msec
10 120.0 msec 50 24.0 msec 90 13.3 msec
15 80.0 msec 55 21.8 msec 95 12.6 msec
20 60.0 msec 60 20.0 msec 100 12.0 msec
25 48.0 msec 65 18.5 msec 105 11.4 msec
30 40.0 msec 70 17.1 msec 110 10.9 msec
35 34.3 msec 75 16.0 msec 115 10.4 msec
40 30.0 msec 80 15.0 msec 120 10.0 msec
10.2.4 Farnsworth Keying
The program can correctly increase both the inter-character and inter-
word intervals to allow the element rate to be sent faster than the
effective WPM rate. Access to this function is via the Farnsworth entry
in this menu. For instance: WPM can be set to 20 and Farnsworth to 8.
Outgoing text will be at 8 words per minute, but the characters will be
sent at the 20 words per minute rate. An entry of 0 for Farnsworth
rate will disable this mode. The Farnsworth rate is also disabled if
the WPM is specified as slower than Farnsworth.
10.2.5 Tone Toggle and Tone Frequency
The program can produce keying tones on the PC speaker at a desired
frequency. The tones can be toggled ON/OFF via the Tones item, and
the frequency dialog box is opened with the 'tone fReq' menu item.
10.2.6 Interface Port
The program can send and receive CW via one of the following: COM1, COM2,
LPT1, or LPT2. The port is selected via the 't/r Port' menu item. This
will open up a "pick list". Select the desired port using the arrow keys
and press <ENTER>.
The port i/o pins are:
Default Setting
LPT1 or LPT2 pin 11 - CW Input 0 v = keydown
pin 14 - PTT Output 0 v = PTT closed
pin 16 - CW Output 0 v = keydown
pin 18-25 GROUND
COM1 or COM2 pin 4 - RTS, CW Output -12 v = keydown
pin 5 - CTS, CW Input -12 v = keydown
pin 8 - DCR, PTT Output -12 v = PTT on
pin 7 - GROUND
After selecting the port, three more windows are opened in sequence
allowing the setting of keying polarity for the three lines. Select
the voltage level that represents the active state for that line.
10.2.7 Load/Save Keyboard map
CWTERM maintains an internal set of ASCII (keyboard) to MORSE translation
tables. These tables can be written to a file using the "sAve key map"
function. This file is a plain text file with one entry per line as:
hh|Q|--.-
where the hh is the hex character code, Q stands for the ASCII letter,
the vertical bar is a separator, and --.- represents the MORSE code for
that letter. You may add to or modify this file using the editor. The
new keymap file may then be loaded back into CWTERM. This keymapping
must be done manually each time CWTERM is brought on line, NO automatic
sense and load is provided at this time.
If you desire to include additional keys which transmit a space you can
specify this substitution in the key map file as:
hh|L|SP
The SP tells the program that this letter represents a space. The space
bar WILL ALWAYS be set to the inter-word space character. This provides
an alternate keyboard character(s) for the space.
10.2.8 View/Load/Save Parameters
The Parameter set may be viewed by selecting the View menu item. They
may also be saved into the default file CWTERM.CFG (or another specified
file). Previously saved parameters may be loaded as well. The program
will look for the file CWTERM.CFG on startup and load the parameters
found therein.
**** IMPORTANT NOTE ****
The CPU parameter may only be set by editing the CWTERM.CFG file.
This parameter is used to properly set all of the timing constants and
to alter the clock interrupt rate of your computer. The program has
been tested successfully on the following:
CPU type Clock Speed CPU Parameter
8088 4 MHz SLOW
80186 8 MHz SLOW
80286 12 MHz MEDIUM
80286 16 MHz MEDIUM
80386SX 20 MHz MEDIUM
80386DX 25 MHz FAST
80386DX 33 MHz FAST
80486 33 MHz FAST
The default CPU speed is SLOW. Experiment on your computer by using
MEDIUM and then FAST to see if performance is affected. If you exper-
ience sluggish keyboard behavior, especially when transmitting code and
using the editor simultaneously, then you should use the SLOW parameter.
If you do not plan to transmit at the very high CW speeds then the SLOW
parameter is preferred for all CPU's.
Chapter 11
DOS Applications
11.1 You may temporarily exit CWTERM by selecting Dos from the DosApp
menu. The program will bring up a temporary COMMAND.COM from which
you can execute DOS commands or other programs. You may be constrained
by the amount of memory available. Try checking by using the MEM
command. On a 286 laptop computer with 640 K RAM there is 397 K of
memory available at this temporary DOS prompt. If you specify a
different COMSPEC file in your autoexec.bat be certain that it is
a full specification including drive and directory. The program will
call up your specified command file if it is found.
Return to CWTERM by entering 'EXIT' at the dos prompt.
11.2 EDITOR The editor specified in the CWTERM.DEF file can be
invoked with a specified edit file by selecting Editor from the
DosApp menu.
11.3 PROGRAM TERMINATION - The program can be terminated in two ways -
by selecting the eXit line on the DosApp menu, or by pressing the
<alt>X key. In either case you will be required to enter a 'y', or
'Y' to confirm the termination.
Chapter 12
TNCED Editor
TNCED is a full screen editor that is distributed with a Word Star (tm)
compatible keyboard interface. It is capable of editing multiple files
with a tiled window for each file. The total size of all files and
temporary buffers cannot exceed the size of available memory. A 640 K
computer under DOS 4.0 can handle a single file of approximately 400,000
characters.
The program is invoked from the command line as:
TNCED file1 (file2 file3 file4 ...)
to open and edit multiple files.
The program is less than 60K in size and therefore is a convenient
editor to use when invoked as a child process from another program.
This is the way it is used when called by CWTERM.
The program is completely configurable by the install program:
TNCEDINST.EXE.
Keyboard primary and secondary control sequences can be changed to
suit the individual user (emulate NE or QED or any other editor of
your choice). They can be modified for your individual taste. As
distributed the primary control sequences are WordStar (tm) compat-
ible.
GRAPHICS EDITING
The editor can be put into a graphics mode by pressing either <F10>
or <alt G>. You return to the text mode by pressing the same key.
The top line of the screen will show the present graphics characters
available. Press <G> a few times to observe the full set of graphics
characters available. Pressing <A> toggles between automatic and manual
selection of cursor movement. When the AUTO is shown on the top line the
direction will change each time a corner is inserted into the text. Nor-
mal motion is clock-wise. You can force the cursor movement to change
direction by pressing the <D>.
The <SPACE>, cursor keys, HOME, END, PageUp, and PageDn all behave the
same as when in a text mode. The <INSERT> key is disabled and the editor
will only perform in a type over mode.
You insert graphic characters by the use of the numeric keypad. For
example the following set of graphics corresponds directly to the numeric
keypad as:
GRAPHICS KEYPAD
┌ ┬ ┐ 7 8 9
├ ┼ ┤ 4 5 6
└ ┴ ┘ 1 2 3
─ │ 0 .
The distribution copy of TNCED is installed for B&W displays with a
standard set of control key sequences.
The arrow keys are specified as Lft, Rgt, Up and Dn.
The control key is specified by the carat (^). For example the key
sequence control page up would be:
<^PgUp>.
┌──────────────────────────────────┬──────────────────┬─────────────────┐
│ STANDARD SET - CONTROL FUNCTION │ PRIMARY │ SECONDARY │
├──────────────────────────────────┼──────────────────┼─────────────────┤
│ Character left │ <Lft> │ <^S> │
│ Character right │ <Rgt> │ <^D> │
│ Word left │ <^Lft> │ <^A> │
│ Word right │ <^Rgt> │ <^F> │
│ Line up │ <Up> │ <^E> │
│ Line down │ <Dn> │ <^X> │
│ Scroll up │ <^W> │ │
│ Scroll down │ <^Z> │ │
│ Page down │ <PgDn> │ <^C> │
│ Page up │ <PgUp> │ <^R> │
├──────────────────────────────────┼──────────────────┼─────────────────┤
│ Top of window │ <^PgUp> │ <^Q><^R> │
│ Bottom of window │ <^PgDn> │ <^Q><^C> │
│ Cursor to left side │ <Home> │ <^Q><^S> │
│ Cursor to right side │ <End> │ <^Q><^D> │
│ Top of screen │ <^Home> │ <^Q><^E> │
│ Bottom of screen │ <^End> │ <^Q><^X> │
│ Go to line │ <^J><^L> │ <alt N> │
│ Go to column │ <^J><^C> │ │
│ Previous cursor position │ <^Q><^P> │ │
└──────────────────────────────────┴──────────────────┴─────────────────┘
┌──────────────────────────────────┬──────────────────┬─────────────────┐
│ STANDARD SET - CONTROL FUNCTION │ PRIMARY │ SECONDARY │
├──────────────────────────────────┼──────────────────┼─────────────────┤
│ Abort Command │ <^U> │ │
├──────────────────────────────────┼──────────────────┼─────────────────┤
│ Undo last deletion │ <^Q><^U> │ <alt U> │
│ Restore line │ <^Q><^L> │ │
│ Tab │ <^I> │ │
│ Insert control char │ <^P> char │ │
│ New line │ <^M> │ │
│ Insert line │ <^N> │ │
│ Delete current character │ <Del> │ <^G> │
│ Delete left character │ <^H> │ <^Bks> │
│ Delete right word │ <^T> │ │
│ Delete line right │ <^Q><^Y> │ │
│ Delete line │ <^Y> │ │
├──────────────────────────────────┼──────────────────┼─────────────────┤
│ Find pattern │ <^Q><^F> │ <alt F> │
│ Find and replace │ <^Q><^A> │ <alt R> │
│ Find next │ <^L> │ │
├──────────────────────────────────┼──────────────────┼─────────────────┤
│ Graphics toggle │ <F10> │ <alt G> │
└──────────────────────────────────┴──────────────────┴─────────────────┘
┌──────────────────────────────────┬──────────────────┬─────────────────┐
│ STANDARD SET - CONTROL FUNCTION │ PRIMARY │ SECONDARY │
├──────────────────────────────────┼──────────────────┼─────────────────┤
│ Log drive/path │ <^J><^D> │ │
│ Show TNCED version │ <^J><^V> │ │
│ Show available memory │ <^J><^R> │ <alt M> │
│ Toggle inster mode │ <^V> │ <Ins> │
│ Toggle autoindent mode │ <^Q><^I> │ <alt I> │
│ Set undo limit │ <^J><^U> │ │
│ Set default extension │ <^J><^E> │ │
└──────────────────────────────────┴──────────────────┴─────────────────┘
┌──────────────────────────────────┬──────────────────┬─────────────────┐
│ STANDARD SET - CONTROL FUNCTION │ PRIMARY │ SECONDARY │
├──────────────────────────────────┼──────────────────┼─────────────────┤
│ Abandon file │ <^K><^Q> │ <alt Q> │
│ Read file into window │ <^K><^R> │ │
│ Save and continue edit │ <^K><^S> │ │
│ Save to file │ <^K><^N> │ │
│ Save and exit to DOS │ <^K><^X> │ <alt X> │
├──────────────────────────────────┼──────────────────┼─────────────────┤
│ Add Window │ <^O><^A> │ <alt W><alt W> │
│ Resize current window │ <^O><^S> │ <alt W><alt S> │
│ Next Window │ <^O><^N> │ <alt W><alt N> │
│ Previous Window │ <^O><^P> │ <alt W><alt P> │
├──────────────────────────────────┼──────────────────┼─────────────────┤
│ Begin block │ <^K><^B> │ <alt B><alt B> │
│ End block │ <^K><^K> │ <alt B><alt E> │
│ Top of block │ <^Q><^B> │ │
│ Bottom of block │ <^Q><^K> │ │
│ Copy block │ <^K><^C> │ <alt B><alt C> │
│ Move block │ <^K><^V> │ <alt B><alt M> │
│ Delete block │ <^K><^Y> │ <alt B><alt D> │
│ Toggle (hide) block display │ <^K><^H> │ <alt B><alt H> │
│ Mark curent word │ <^K><^T> │ │
│ Write block to file │ <^K><^W> │ │
└──────────────────────────────────┴──────────────────┴─────────────────┘
┌──────────────────────────────────┬──────────────────┬─────────────────┐
│ STANDARD SET - CONTROL FUNCTION │ PRIMARY │ SECONDARY │
├──────────────────────────────────┼──────────────────┼─────────────────┤
│ Set marker 0 │ <^K>0 │ │
│ Set marker 1 │ <^K>1 │ │
│ Set marker 2 │ <^K>2 │ │
│ Set marker 3 │ <^K>3 │ │
│ Set marker 4 │ <^K>4 │ │
│ Set marker 5 │ <^K>5 │ │
│ Set marker 6 │ <^K>6 │ │
│ Set marker 7 │ <^K>7 │ │
│ Set marker 8 │ <^K>8 │ │
│ Set marker 9 │ <^K>9 │ │
├──────────────────────────────────┼──────────────────┼─────────────────┤
│ Hide/Unhide marker │ <^K><^M> │ <alt B><alt H> │
├──────────────────────────────────┼──────────────────┼─────────────────┤
│ Jump to marker 0 │ <^Q>0 │ │
│ Jump to marker 1 │ <^Q>1 │ │
│ Jump to marker 2 │ <^Q>2 │ │
│ Jump to marker 3 │ <^Q>3 │ │
│ Jump to marker 4 │ <^Q>4 │ │
│ Jump to marker 5 │ <^Q>5 │ │
│ Jump to marker 6 │ <^Q>6 │ │
│ Jump to marker 7 │ <^Q>7 │ │
│ Jump to marker 8 │ <^Q>8 │ │
│ Jump to marker 9 │ <^Q>9 │ │
└──────────────────────────────────┴──────────────────┴─────────────────┘
Chapter 13
CODE PRACTICE PARSER
13.1 The program, PARSE.EXE, will generate a control/text file suitable
for use with CWTERM for automatic code practice sessions. A feature of
MSDOS called indirection is used for specifying the source and output
for PARSE.EXE.
13.2 Begin by creating an ASCII text file which will be the source used
for the code practice session. W1AW usually transmits its code practice
sessions using text for QST. I prefer to use the Sunday edition of the
local paper, as most non-hams have access to this source. The sports
section provides a nice mix of characters, numbers, and punctuation marks.
This source should be approximately 50 lines of text with 64 characters
per line, or 3200 characters in length. I suggest you use the editor,
TNCED.EXE, to create this file. If you use Word Perfect, Word Star, or
some other word processing program be sure that the file is save as
ASCII (or PLAIN) text.
13.3 Assuming you have named this file, NEWS, you invoke the parsing
processor as:
PARSE SCRIPTFILE SOURCEFILE DESTFILE
13.1 Two sample script files are included on the distribution disk,
SCRIPT.FST and SCRIPT.SLW. These generate code practice sessions for
5, 10 & 13 and 13, 18 & 24 wpm respectively.
13.2 The lines containing "%spd nn tt" instruct the parsing program
to insert text from the SOURCEFILE at nn WPM for tt minutes transmission
time.
Chapter 14
AUTO CODE PRACTICE TRANSMISSIONS
14.1 The program, PRACTICE.EXE, will allow the automatic transmission
of a date-stamped file with a name specified as:
MM-DD-YY.QST, where MM - month, 01 - 12,
DD - day, 01 - 31,
YY - year, 00 - 99.
14.2 You transmit the code practice of the day by simply running
PRACTICE. The program looks for the date-stamped file and invokes
CWTERM with that file specified as the text source.
14.3 There are several very good disk manager programs available which
allow the operator to specify timed execution of one or more programs.
HDM, Hard Disk Manager, is a share ware program with this capability.
Combining CWTERM, PARSE, PRACTICE and HDM will allow you to create
daily code practice sessions for transmission in your local area.
APPENDIX
AUTO CODE PRACTICE SAMPLE TRANSMISSION
--------------------------- tranmit file begins ------------------------
|M
|D1
|W18
|F13
QST DE W1HKJ QST DE W1HKJ QST DE W1HKJ
|D1
CODE PRACTICE TONIGHT AT 15, 20, 25, AND 30 WPM
|D1
TEXT FROM PAGE
|W18
|F13
|D2
15 WPM FOLLOWS
|F15
|D2
vvv
|D2
VINELAND - BUENA REGIONAL AND VINELAND HIGH SCHOOLS HAD NOT MET ON THE
FOOTBALL FIELD SINCE 1982. AFTER SATURDAYS CLASH, IT MAY BE NINE MORE
YEARS UNTIL ANY TWO TEAMS MATCH THE SHOW THE CHIEFS AND THE CLAN PUT ON
AT GITTONE MEMORIAL FIELD. JUST ASK ANY OF THE 2,500-OR-SO FANS WHO
SAY IT. VINELAND PREVAILED IN THE THRILLING INTERDIVISIONAL CAPE-ATLANTIC
LEAGUE GAME 13-11, BUT NOT BEFORE SURVIVING A DAZZLING BUENA RALLY. THE
CHIEFS,
|W18
|F13
|D2
20 WPM FOLLOWS
|W20
|F0
|D2
vvv
|D2
TRAILING 13-3 MIDWAY THROUGH THE FOURTH QUARTER, SCORED A
TOUCHDOWN WITH 4:29 LEFT. THEN THEY GOT REALLY SERIOUS. WHILE THE CLAN
WAS RUNNING OUT THE CLOCK (AND FORCING BUENA TO USE UP ALL ITS TIME OUTS)
IN THE LAST MINUTE, BURLY FULLBACK DEANDRE JONES TOOK A HANDOFF FROM
QUARTERBACK ART BARUFFI, TOOK A HIT AND FUMBLED THE BALL. BUENAS ROBERT
ALLEN GOBBLED IT UP. FIRST DOWN, BUENA AT THE CLAN 22 - 33 SECONDS TO
GO. DRAMATIC, RIGHT? READ ON. ON FIRST DOWN, CHIEFS QUARTERBACK DAN
TORRES MISSED A CONNECTION WITH TOTALLY UNGUARDED END WILFREDO ANDUJAR
IN THE
|W18
|F13
|D2
25 WPM FOLLOWS
|W25
|F0
|D2
vvv
|D2
FLAT. ON SECOND DOWN, RON ROBERTS SNARED A TORRES HEAVE AFTER IT
BOUNCED OFF HIS HANDS AND THE HANDS OF TWO DEFENDERS. FIRST DOWN, BUENA
AT THE 10-YARD LINE. WITH 14 SECONDS LEFT, ANOTHER ATTEMPT AT A TORRES-
ANDUJAR HOOKUP WENT AWRY. ENTER PLACE-KICKER BRIAN ROVANI - WHO HAD BOOTED
A 25-YARD FIELD GOAL AT THE END OF THE FIRST HALF - WITH 10 SECONDS TO GO.
THE SNAP WAS GOOD, THE BALL SAILED TOWARD THE GOAL POST, AND FADED A
COUPLE OF FEET WIDE TO THE RIGHT. GOODBYE, BUENA. GOOD TRY, BUENA. FROM
MY ANGLE IT LOOKED LIKE IT WAS OFF, BUT I HAD MY FINGERS CROSSED, VINELAND
COACH RON DERUCHIE SAID WITH A SMILE. WHEN MY GUY (JONES) FUMBLED, OF
COURSE I WAS WORRIED. I THOUGHT IT WAS OVER FOR US. YOU
|W18
|F13
|D2
30 WPM FOLLOWS
|W30
|F0
|D2
vvv
|D2
WORRY ANY
TIME YOU GIVE UP THE BALL. HE WAS CARRYING PEOPLE ON HIS BACK ALL DAY AND HE
WAS BREAKING TACKLES ALL DAY, SO WE GAVE HIM THE BALL. I CANT BLAME HIM.
I WISH I HAD 10 MORE ATHLETES LIKE HIM. VINELAND, KEEPING THE BALL ON
THE GROUND EXCEPT FOR A 13-YARD HOOKUP BETWEEN BARUFFI AND JONES ON A
SCREEN PASS, TOOK A 7-0 LEAD IN THE FIRST PERIOD ON A 57-YARD DRIVE. JONES,
5-FOOT-11, 225 POUNDS, ACCOUNTED FOR 20 OF THE RUSHING YARDS IN THE
POSSISSION, WHICH ENDED WHEN QUICK BACK CARLTON SAVAGE SPRINTED 18 YARDS
TO THE END ZONE WITH A PITCHOUT. DONALD BUNTON ADDED THE EXTRA POINT.
BUENA, UNABLE TO MOVE THE BALL FOR MOST OF THE HALF, GOT GOING IN THE
LAST MINUTE BEFORE HALFTIME WITH A HURRY-UP DEFENSE. ROBERT ALLEN PICKED
UP 10 YARDS UP THE MIDDLE. TORRES CONNECTED WITH RUNNING BACK CLIFFORD
FOSTER FOR 25 YARDS AND WITH ANDUJAR FOR
|W18
|F13
|D4
THIS ENDS W1HKJ CODE PRACTICE
|D2
QST DE W1HKJ $
|Q
--------------------------- tranmit file ends ------------------------
